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AswanIs Abu Simbel Worth a Day Trip From Aswan? An Honest Verdict
Is Abu Simbel worth the early start from Aswan? The temples, road or plane, the ticket and the sun festival.
BerlinPergamon Museum Closure: What to See in Berlin Instead
The Pergamon Museum is closed: when it reopens, when the Ishtar Gate returns, and what to see in Berlin meanwhile.
BerlinBerlin’s Art Museums: Which Are Worth Your Time Right Now?
Berlin's museums while the Pergamon is closed: what is worth your time on Museum Island and at the Kulturforum.
Ancient RomeRoman Colosseum Inside: Seats, Corridors, Lifts
Seats by rank, 76 numbered arches and 28 lifts below the arena: how the inside of the Colosseum worked.
Ancient RomeWhat Was the Purpose of the Colosseum?
Games, gifts and a seating plan of Roman society: what the Colosseum was for, from 80 CE to 438.
Ancient RomeWhen Was the Colosseum Built? Between 70 and 82 CE
Begun under Vespasian around 70-72 CE, opened by Titus in 80: the Colosseum's dates and why they matter.
Ancient RomeRoman Forum: What It Was, Building by Building
A drained marsh that became Rome's political centre for a thousand years: what the Roman Forum was, building by building.
Ancient RomeHow Were Rome’s Sewers Built? The Cloaca Maxima
Rome's great sewer began as a drain for a marsh and still works: how the Cloaca Maxima was built.
Ancient RomeRoman City Planning: Was Every Town a Grid? No
Cardo, decumanus and a forum in the middle: how Romans planned towns like Timgad, and why Rome itself never fitted.
Ancient RomeRoman Amphitheatre: How Rome Built for Crowds
From Pompeii's 70 BCE arena to the Colosseum: how the Roman amphitheatre was built to seat, sort and move crowds.
Ancient RomeRoman Temple: How It Differs from a Greek Temple
High podium, front staircase, columns attached to the walls: how a Roman temple differs from a Greek one.
Ancient RomeRoman Brickwork: A Brick Skin on a Concrete Wall
Most Roman "brick walls" are concrete with a brick skin. How opus testaceum worked, and where to see it.
Ancient RomeRoman Bridges: How They Were Built and Why They Last
Cofferdams, wedge-shaped stones and two thousand years of floods: how Roman bridges were built, and which still stand.
Ancient RomeSegovia Aqueduct: How 167 Arches Stand Without Mortar
167 granite arches, no mortar, and a date that keeps moving: what is known about Segovia's Roman aqueduct.
Ancient RomePont du Gard: Why Build It So High?
Nearly 49 metres high for water that fell 25 centimetres a kilometre: why the Pont du Gard exists.
Ancient RomeAqua Claudia: The Aqueduct Two Emperors Built
Begun by Caligula, finished by Claudius: the aqueduct whose arches still cross Rome's Parco degli Acquedotti.
Ancient RomeHow Did Roman Aqueducts Work? Mostly Underground
Nearly all of Rome's first aqueduct ran underground. How Roman aqueducts carried water by gravity, and why arches were rare.
Ancient RomeHow Were Roman Roads Built, and Why Did They Last?
Embankments, camber and ditches, not a four-layer recipe: how Roman roads were really built, from the Via Appia on.
Ancient RomeRoman Dome: How the Pantheon Stays Up
A 43-metre concrete dome with a hole in the top: how the Pantheon was built and why it stands.
Ancient RomeDoes the Keystone Hold Up the Arch? Not on Its Own
The keystone is the last stone set, not the one that holds everything. What actually keeps an arch up.
Ancient RomeRoman Arch: How It Works, and Did Rome Invent It?
Wedge-shaped stones, sideways thrust and strong piers: how the Roman arch works, and who built arches first.
Ancient RomeWhy Has Roman Concrete Lasted 2,000 Years?
Volcanic ash, quicklime and seawater: the chemistry behind Roman concrete, and what labs have found since 2017.
Ancient RomeRoman Architecture: What Made It Different?
Concrete, arches and a whole range of building types: what set Roman architecture apart from the Greek temple.
Etruscans